Chapter 13 Meiosis and sexual life cycles p. 235

• Heredity
• Variation
• Genetics

Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes p. 234

• Genes
• DNA
• Locus (loci)

Life begets like, more or less: a comparison of asexual land sexual reproduction p. 235

• Asexual reproduction
• Example
• Budding
• Figure 13.1 p. 235
• Clone
• Sexual reproduction

The role of meiosis in sexual life cycle p. 235

• Life cycle

Fertilization and meiosis alternate in sexual life cycles p. 236

• Somatic cells
• Karyotype
• Figure 13.3 p. 237
• Homologous chromosomes
• XX
• XY
• Sex chromosomes
• Autosomes
• Gametes
• Haploid cell (haploid number)
• Fertilization or syngamy
• Zygote
• Diploid cell
• What are the only human cells not to reproduce by mitosis?
• Meiosis
• Location of meiosis
• Figure 13.4 p. 238

 

The Variety of sexual life cycles p. 238

• Figure 13.5 Three sexual life cycles differing in the timing of meiosis and fertilization (syngamy)…you will need to know all 3
• Animals

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

• Fungi and some algae

 

 

 

 

 

 

• Plants and some algae

 

 

 

 

 

 

• Alternation of generation

 

• Sporophyte
• Spores
• Gametophyte

 

Meiosis reduces chromosome number for diploid to haploid p. 239

• Figure 13.6 p. 239 Overview of meiosis
• Meiosis I
• Meiosis II
• Figure 13.7 p. 240-241 You will need to know the different stages

 

Mitosis and meiosis compared p. 243

• Figure 13.8 A comparison… You will need to know this info

 

 

 

 

• Synapsis
• Tetrads
• Chiasmata

Origins of genetic variation p. 243

• read

 

Sexual life cycles produce genetic variation among offspring p. 243

• Read

 

Independent Assortment of chromosomes p. 243

• Figure 13.9 p. 243
• What is independent assortment? Results?

Crossing Over p. 244

• Crossing Over
• Recombinant chromosomes
• Figure 13.10 p. 244
• Where does crossing over begin?

Random Fertilization p. 245

• What is random fertilization? Benefits?

 

Evolutionary adaptations depends on a populations’ genetic variation p. 245

• How so??

 

 

 

 

 

Self Quiz p. 246